Sub Module 7.3: Filing Techniques (ESSAY)
EASA MODULE 7A
Sub Module 7.3
TOOLS
Filing Techniques:
Good filing is not just a matter of removing surplus metal. The correct amount of material, at each point on the surface of the work piece, needs to be removed, so that the dimensions and tolerances, set by the drawing, will be met. Proficiency comes with practice. New files should, if possible, be first used on soft metal. This achieves ‘tempering’ of the cutting teeth and will contribute to a longer life for the file.
Before starting work, it must be ensured that the work piece is secure and correctly placed, as both hands are required for filing tasks. A file must never be used without a handle. The file will not be
under full control and the risk of puncturing the wrist or palm is very great.
Files must be handled carefully. File blades, being hard, are also brittle and will break if dropped. After use, all files should be returned to their respective racks or bandolier-type holdalls, to prevent them knocking together and being damaged.
The length and grade of file, appropriate to the shape (and material) of the work piece, and to the quality of the desired surface finish, must always be used. As mentioned previously, the height of the vice is important and platforms may be constructed, to ensure that the elbows ofshorter persons are level with the top of the vice. Any platforms, so constructed, should ensure that a correct stance be attained, by the work-person, in front of the vice. It is recommended that the person stand, with feet apart and (depending on whether the person is left- or right-handed), one foot advanced, in a manner similar to a boxer (or a fencer) taking guard. The body weight should be taken on the balls of
the feet but, primarily, over the rearmost foot.
Again, depending on the person, the handle of the file is gripped in the appropriate hand, while the palm of the other hand is placed, flat on the back of the file, near the tip, when the tip of
the file is resting on the work piece. Using a rocking action, the body weight is transferred over the
forward foot while pushing the file forward (and, simultaneously, to the left or right) with the gripping hand, and exerting equal downward pressure, on the file, with both hands.
The full length of the file should be used for each stroke (which should not be rushed) and, at the completion of the stroke, the action is reversed, excepting that the downward pressure is relieved on the backstroke, as the file does not cut in the rearward direction. Obviously, if attempting to file a flat surface, then it must be ensured that the file is kept level during the filing action and that regular checks are made to verify the accuracy of the dimensions.
During work (and particularly so with non-ferrous metals), the teeth of the file gradually become clogged (pinned) with small particles. If these pinnings are ignored they will cause scratches to the surface of the work piece with subsequent loss of surface finish. To this end, pinnings should be regularly removed by the use of a ‘file card’ (also called a ‘scratch card’) or wire brush. Chalk, rubbed along the face of the file, before starting the inishing work, will assist in minimising pinning.
Draw-filing, by grasping the file between the fingers and thumbs of both hands, on either side of a work piece, and rubbing back and forth on the surface, may be used to rectify any ‘hollows’, which may appear on a filed surface, due to incorrect filing action. It may also be used, in conjunction with chalk, applied as previously described, to assist in creating a finer surface finish.
Filing is the process of making surface smooth or sharp as pe requirements.
ReplyDeleteFiling is not just to cut the extra metals but it is use to make the surface as per the dimensions.when we buy ne files it should be used on smooth surfaces so that it can become tempered and have longer life of teeths. We should become useto with the machine as we do filing regularly. The height of the vice should be as high that our elbows should easily fit on it. We should put the filing in the rack or in bandoiller type hodller so that it will be safe. Blades are hard but if it slips and hit the surface then they will breakdown.we should avoid the teeths from piling. Because when we do filing extra metal will go in the teeths. We should clear the teeths with file card or scratch card.
Great care must be taken while doing filing because it can be harmfull if it is not settle down correctly. It can damage our wrist or palm.We should put our right leg forward and left leg backward and we should put our force when we are moving the metal in the forward direction and we are moving the surface in the backward direction we should release that force. Correct stance should also be maintainend. IF smoothness is not there on a very small surface then we should do filing of only that surface not the whole surface again. Before filing we should ensure that the surface is secure. Filing should be done with both hands and there must be the handle for filing.
All the filing is done in accordance with the AMM so there should be no mistake while doing filing.
Hammad Malik
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ReplyDeleteMuhammad Hamza Ahmed
ReplyDeleteA file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece.
Most are hand tools, made of a case hardened steel bar of rectangular, square, triangular, or round cross-section, with one or more surfaces cut with sharp, generally parallel teeth.
Practices include that we shouldn't just remove surplus material but take of dimensions and tolerances. New files should be used on soft materials For tempering of teeth .
File should not be used with a handle which may cause injury to arm or Palm. File blades may be hard but will break if falls due to brittleness.
A file must never be used without a handle ,file must be handled carefully.
file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece.the Most are hand tool.
ReplyDeleteStart the cut with a light, steady, forward stroke. At the end of the stroke, relieve the pressure and
draw the blade straight back. After the first few strokes make each one as long as the hacksaw frame
will allow, thus preventing the middle teeth from overheating and wearing rapidly.
Use just enough pressure on the forward stroke to make each tooth remove a small amount of metal.
As the teeth point forward and the forward edges do the cutting, it is not necessary to use pressure on
the back stroke.
When sawing alongside a scribed line, remember to stay just outside that line. Use long steady strokes,
about 40 to 50 strokes per minute. If hacksaw blades are worked too fast, the heat that is generated
may draw the temper and make the- blade soft and useless.
Working too fast also may break some of the teeth, cramp and break the blade, or produce ragged and
crooked cuts.
When near the end of the cut, slow down still more, so that the saw can be controlled when the stock
is sawed through. When finished with the saw, clean the chips from the blade, loosen the tension, and
return the hacksaw to its proper place.
A hacksaw should be hung up when not in use. It should not be kept in a drawer with other tools or
where metallic objects will strike the blade teeth. Wiping the blade with an oily rag will prevent
rusting.
A file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trade
ReplyDeleteDuring filing we should make sure that each point on the surface of the material should be removed so that the dimensions and tolerances set by the drawing will be met.
New files should not be used on harder matel first, we should use them on soft metal and once we avail the tempering of the cutting teeth the file can last longer.
The work piece should be securly and correctly placed because in this task of filing we will need to have both hands enguaged.
A file must never be used without a handle. It can be very hazardous and can cause some personal injury to your hand and wrist.
Care must be taken while handling the files after the usuage files should be kept in their respective racks to prevent from colliding with each other.
The body weight should be taken on the balls of the feet primarily over the rearmost foot, and one foot advanced in a manner similer to a boxer taking guard.
The file doesnt cut in the rearward direction so thats why we should use the full length of the file for every stroke.
Chalk rubbed along the face of the file, before starting the finishing work will assist in minimising pinning.
Filing is the process To make The Working surface Smooth as Per Requirements
ReplyDeleteMaintenance Practices of Filing :
Good Filing is the Removal of Materials from different points of working surfaces, So as to match the Required dimensions and Tolerances. It is recommended to Use the new file on Soft metals as it will improve its tempering and Will increase its working Life.
The Working surface should be secure correctly and Both hands should be used for filing
The file should not be used without handle as it will not be under control and there will be the risk to damage the wrist or palm of oneself. As the Files are hard and brittle and if dropped will break so they should be handled carefully.
After the use of files they should be Stored in a Respective rack or bandolier type holdalls to avoid any damage.
The platform for the vice should be constructed that the elbow of a Person working should be at same level of the vice.
The Person Working will stand,feet apart and one feet advanced. The pressure should be at the balls of the feet primarily the foremost feet.
The file should be gripped with the appropriate hand and the other hand should be placed at the back of the file, near the tip, when the file is resting on the working surface. While filing the body Weight should be at the forward foot while pushing the file forward and holding the file with both hands and applying the downward pressure on the file
The full length of the file should be used during forward stroke and the pressure should be released when backstroke as file don't cut in backstroke.
During Filing the teeth of the file clogged with the particles of metals and if these ignored will make unwanted scratches on the metal surface.
The pinning is removed from the tooth of file with "file card" or "wire brush"
For minimizing the pinning the calk is rubbed on the file surface before starting filing.
Aimal Khan
A file is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar work.
ReplyDeleteWhile we do filing we should make sure that each point on the surface of the material should be removed so that the dimensions and tolerance set by the drawing will be met.
During starting work we must be ensured that the work piece is secure and correctly placed as both hands are required for filing tasks.A file must never be used without a handle.It can cause an accident by damaging your wirst or palm.File must be handled carefully.New files should not be used on hard metal first and when we achieve the tempering of cutting teeth the file can last longer.
After using the files we should keep them in there respective places to avoid any breakage and damage.During filing we should make sure that the elbows of shorter persons in level with the top of the vice.while filing the person stand with feet apart and one foot advanced similar to a boxer.The body weight should be taken on the balls of the feet but primarily over the rearmost foot.
While filing full length of the file should be used because file dosent cut in the reverse direction.During filing work the teeth of the file gradually become pinned with small particals.The pinnings can cause scratches the surface to avoid this file card or wire brushed should be used to remove the pinnings.
Ehtesham
Filing:
ReplyDeleteFiling is the process of removal of metal from the surface, in order to obtain a desired finish.
Maintenance practices:
Good filing is not only the removal of extra metal form a surface but also about the maintaining the desired dimensions as recommended in the drawing. The object or metal on which a work is being done should be properly supported by a suitable vice or any other mean, as both hands are required to hold the file. The grade of file required will be dependent on the shape and type of material and desired surface finish.
Filing tools are brittle and can be damaged when subjected to an impact load. They should be stored in an appropriate bandolier or rack. Proficiency is achieved with experience. Filing tools should be used with a soft metal when new, this way tempering can be achieved to make it long lasting.
The vice should be of appropriate height. The height should be equal to the height of elbow of the workman. This way more control of the equipment can be achieved. The stance should be appropriate with one foot at front and other behind, like a boxer bracing. Weight should be applied on ball of the feet. When griping a filing tool, it should be kept in appropriate hand ( right or left ) and one hand on the back of the tool and should be placed near the tip when it is resting on the metal piece.
A rocking movement is achieved when using the filing tool. All the weight should be applied on the front foot when moving it forward and equal downward weight should be applied on the filing tool from both hands. It should be used with a handle because of not there is a risk to puncture your palm or wrist and there will be lack of control.
When filing a flat surface, the filing tool should be kept level and inspection should be done frequently to ensure the archived dimension is prefect. When filing metal specially ferrous metals the cuts become clogged and there is a risk of damaging the surface ( scratching )and loosing the desired surface finish, this is called pinning. Pinning should be rectified by scratching card or wire brush.
Chalk should be used to reduce the pinning effect and to achieve a good and smooth surface finish.
Filing tool should be griped with both hand between finger and thumb, stroking forward and backward in order to remove and holes left because of improper filing operation during the first attempt.
Maintenance should be done to make sure the filing tool is kept in a good condition to reduce the amount of damage to the surface.
Filing is used to remove the excess of metal from a surface to make it smooth or level it.
ReplyDeleteFiling is not only used to remove the surpluss metal from a surface but to make it smooth and as well in limits and tolerances so that the dimensions of the material should not change. New files should usually be used on soft metal so that its teeth can be tempered. A handle should not be used with the file because of the risk of injury to wrist or palm. File blades may be hard but will usually break if dropped because of its brittleness, after using files we should normally store it inside a rack or bandoiler type handalls to prevent them from colliding. Vices should usually be at arm height of the person working on it. While working with vices we should grip it with one hand and the other hand should be flat on it close to the tip. Our posture should be like a boxer with feet apart and body weight should be on the balls of the feet usually the rear one, with pressure being applied going forward and pressure being removed while moving backwards. While filing the teeth becomes clogged if we work with tge file being clogged it will make scratches on the surface we should remove the clogged material by the use of filecard or steel wire. Chalk can also be used before working to make the clogging less often and for smoother surfaces aswell.
Following the filing techniques our work will be done more efficiently and there will be less injury situations.